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How is “active trade or business” defined for a QOF subsidiary to qualify as a QOZB?

Are there certain businesses that are excluded?


Answers
  • Guy Nicio
    August 28, 2019

    There is no unique definition of active trade or business in the QOF tax law. It is the same convoluted tax code that governs this definition. We primarily rely on Code Sec. 162, but it is not nor has never been precisely defined therein. If you have an active trade or business in general, then it is the same for QOF purposes. Your personal tax accountant should be able to walk you through that discussion, but it's a business activity engaged for profit that is regular and recurring of activities in that business, etc. What it is not is an investment in a mutual fund, a standard triple net lease, owning raw land or real estate where there is no regular business conduct going on throughout the year, etc. The sin businesses do not qualify under QOF (golf course, country club, massage parlor, hot tub facility, sun tan facility, racetrack or gambling, store selling alcohol for offsite consumption).

  • Brad Cohen
    August 29, 2019

    Yes. Only a few are exempt. Most active business will qualify.

  • John (Jack) Wegmann
    August 31, 2019

    The "active trade or business" requirement for QOF purposes is defined with reference to IRC Section 162. In general, triple-net leasing and holding property as an investment will fail this test. In addition, certain trades or businesses described in section 144(c)(6)(B), commonly known as "sin" businesses cannot qualify as QOZBs. These include any (1) private or commercial golf course, (2) country club, (3) massage parlor, (4) hot tub facility, (5) sun tan facility, (6) racetrack or other facility used for gambling, or (7) any store the principal business of which is the sale of alcoholic beverages for consumption off premises.

  • Matthew Rappaport
    August 29, 2019

    Active trade or business is defined by reference to Section 162, meaning the activity must be "regular, continuous, and substantial." These terms do not have precise meaning and must be evaluated by judgment call on a case-by-case basis. The excluded businesses are "sin businesses," which are listed in the statute.

  • Maria De Los Angeles Rivera
    August 30, 2019

    The regulations adopt the approach of active trade or business for Section 162. They state that rental activities will qualify for these purposes, except for triple-net leases. In addition, the business cannot be a sin business: public or private golf course; country club; massage parlor; hot tub facilities; tanning facilities; racetracks or betting facilities; selling alcoholic beverages for consumption outside the business.

  • Erik Kodesch
    August 31, 2019

    By reference to the general definition of a trade or business for purposes of the IRC 162 deduction for ordinary and necessary expenses of a trade or business. It is broadly defined.

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